Below and attached are articles of note on climate change science and
policy at the local, national, and international level from
April 1st to 15th, 2008.
International
Climate target is not radical enough - study
The Guardian, April 7, 2008
Jim Hansen, NASA's top climate scientist has called for phasing out all
coal-fired plants by 2030, taxing their emissions until then, and
banning the building of new plants unless they are designed to trap and
segregate the carbon dioxide they emit. Hansen, who previously has
advocated for a CO2 target of 450ppm, now fears the scale of the problem
has been underestimated and that government should aim for a new target
of 350ppm of CO2 in the atmosphere rather than the current EU target of
550ppm. In the paper Hansen co-authored with eight other climate
scientists, "Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity
Aim?," submitted (not yet published, see attached PDF) to Science magazine,
his team used evidence from the Earth's history to estimate the
sensitivity of the climate, which they say gives a much more accurate
picture than using theoretical models.
National
As Fight for Water Heats Up, Prized Fish Suffer
NY Times, April 1, 2008
As the climate in the Western US warms, competition for water is
intensifying. Current state law has a "use it or lose it" rule: If
one rancher does not take his entitlement, the next user downstream can.
This is leading to lower river flows and warmer waters in the summer
months threatening trout populations, like the grayling, across the
region.
Ford to Cut New-Car Greenhouse Emissions 30% by 2020 (Update4)
Bloomberg, April 9, 2008
"Ford Motor Co., the world's third- largest automaker, said it will
reduce new-vehicle greenhouse gas emissions 30 percent by 2020 in the
U.S. and Europe. The announcement followed an agreement between the
automaker and shareholder groups including the Interfaith Center on
Corporate Responsibility, which said it represents almost 300 religious
institutional investors managing more than $100 billion."
Report addresses sea level rise related to global climate change
Rhode Island Sea Grant, April 1, 2008
The Rhode Island Sea Grant in collaboration with NOAA's Coastal
Programs Division has released a report, Summary of Coastal Program
Initiatives that address Sea Level Rise as a Result of Global Climate
Change. The report examines the concerns of coastal communities facing
erosion and inundation of coastal resources as sea level rises due to
global warming.
NY State/Local
Ethanol plant planned for Port of Albany
AM NewYork, April 1, 2008
An ethanol plant costing up to $350 million is planned for a section of
the Port of Albany. The Albany Port District Commission selected the
ethanol project for 18 acres on the west bank of the Hudson River. The
project's developer, Albany Renewable Energy LLC, says the corn-based
ethanol plant could produce as much as 110 million gallons of the fuel
per year. The plant will require permits from the state DEC before
construction can begin. Company officials say that could take 6 to 12
months, with the plant operational by the end of next year. Construction
of the facility is expected to create up to 400 jobs, with 50 to 60
full-time plant employees.
Greenhouse Gas Reporting Standards Available to Help Measure and Verify
Emissions
NYS DEC Press Release, April 2, 2008
DEC Commissioner Pete Grannis announced that NYS will be partnering
with The Climate Registry, a national, nonprofit organization that has
established a common standard system for measuring and reporting GHG
emissions from government and private entitites in Canada, the US and
Mexico. The system includes third party verification of emissions
measurements and public disclosure of emissions via the web.
Seventy-three leading corporations, non-profit organizations, cities,
and counties are already reporting their GHG emissions to The Climate
Registry. DEC is currently in the process of joining the Registry as a
reporting member, and will voluntarily report the agency's emissions
data. Organizations that join The Climate Registry as reporters before
May 1, 2008, will be considered "Founding Reporters" and will
receive continued recognition for their outstanding environmental
leadership in measuring and publicly reporting their GHG emissions on a
voluntary basis.
Deluge
Chronogram, April 5, 2008
This summary of the impacts of climate change in the Hudson Valley
highlights several of the Climate Change Network members and the
projects their working on including Betsy Blair of the Hudson River
National Estuarine Research Reserve, Doug Burns of the USGS, David
VanLuven of the Nature Conservancy, Ned Sullivan of Scenic Hudson, Paul
Huth from the Mohonk Preserve, and lil' ol' me.
Poor left out of environmental loop: Those with low incomes will be
most affected by climate change, but often are least informed
Albany Times Union, April 7, 2008
Several interviews with low income citizens in Albany make it clear
that the majority of the low income community, the most likely to see
negative impacts across the globe, have more pressing issues to grapple
with than those of a changing climate.
Protect Water Resources from Climate Change
Hudson Valley Press Online, April 10, 2008
Representatives John Hall (D-NY) and Maurice Hinchey (D-NY) have
introduced legislation that will help protect America's water from
climate change. The legislation would direct the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and National Academies of Science (NAS) to study
the impact of climate change on America's water resources. The
legislation would direct the study of impacts on America's water
resources, wetlands, and shorelines, regional variation in precipitation
patterns, water quality and protection efforts under the Clean Water
Act, and steps that should be taken under the Clean Water Act to account
for the impacts of climate change in efforts to maintain water quality
standards.
Downstate energy needs outlined by governor
Empire State News, April 11, 2008
Governor David Paterson outlined the initial steps his administration
will take to meet the growing demand for energy on Long Island and the
New York City metropolitan region including the creation of a State
Energy Planning Board charged with preparing a State Energy Plan and new
initatives from the Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) and the New York
Power Authority (NYPA).
Climate Science/Technology
A timeline of climate change science
CNN, April 2, 2008
Scientists began to understand and describe the phenomena that today
contribute to global warming over 100 years ago. Climatology is now one
of the most important fields of scientific study in the world today.
This article contains a succint timeline of some of the key dates in
climate change history - a handy reference.
Dust plays huge role in climate change
Christian Science Monitor, April 3, 2008
Recent studies indicate that dust is playing a much larger role in our
climate than previously thought. New research is showing that some dust,
like black carbon particles in the atmosphere, is having a greater
warming effect than the 2007 IPCC report stated - more powerful than any
of the greenhouse gases except carbon dioxide. The good news is that
black carbon particles such as diesel soot or wood-stove smoke only stay
airborne for weeks and the technology exists to reduce it. Other
research on Antarctic ice cores is showing a strong correlation between
dust flows from S. America to Antarctica and the onset of Ice Ages. Both
indicate that dust may play a much larger role in future climate
models.
Warming trends rise in large ocean areas: study
Reuters, April 9, 2008
Warming trends in a third of the world's large ocean regions are
greater than previously reported averages, increasing the risk to marine
life and fisheries, a new U.N. Environmental Program report said. In 18
of the 64 ocean regions studied accelerated warming trends are 2-4 times
greater than the average trends reported in 2007 by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The most rapid warming was
recorded in the Baltic Sea at 1.35 degrees Celsius in the past 25
years.
Cleaner Air Means a Warmer Europe
Der Speigel, April 14, 2008
"Europe is heating up much faster than climate researchers expected,
and now they think they know why: air made dramatically cleaner by
anti-pollution programs. With less particle pollution clouding the air,
more sunlight is coming through and the continent is getting warmer."
Commentary
How Conservatives Have Duped Us in the Global Warming Fight
Alternet, April 1, 2008
This article by Joe Brewer of The Rockridge Institute shares an
alternative to cap and trade called the "cap and dividend" which, like
the Lieberman-Warner bill, places a cap on the amount of carbon dioxide
and charges polluters. However, the difference is that it calls for
polluters to distribute the money evenly to everyone to promote the
understanding that (1) the air is inherently valuable, and (2) it
belongs to all of us.
Peer Reviewed Articles
How Well Do Coupled Models Simulate Today’s Climate?
BY THOMAS REICHLER AND JUNSU KIM
American Meteorological Society, March 2008
In this study, scientists compared the output of the approximately 50
different models from China, Russia, Australia, Canada, France, Korea,
Britain, Germany and the United States, including those used in IPCC
reports, against climate observations. The study shows that the coupled
models have been steadily improving over time and that the best models
are converging toward a level of accuracy that is similar to
observation-based analyses of the atmosphere.
Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon
V. Ramanathan & G. Carmichael
Nature Geoscience 1, 221 - 227 (April 2008)
Abstract
Black carbon in soot is the dominant absorber of visible solar
radiation in the atmosphere. Anthropogenic sources of black carbon,
although distributed globally, are most concentrated in the tropics
where solar irradiance is highest. Black carbon is often transported
over long distances, mixing with other aerosols along the way. The
aerosol mix can form transcontinental plumes of atmospheric brown
clouds, with vertical extents of 3 to 5 km. Because of the combination
of high absorption, a regional distribution roughly aligned with solar
irradiance, and the capacity to form widespread atmospheric brown clouds
in a mixture with other aerosols, emissions of black carbon are the
second strongest contribution to current global warming, after carbon
dioxide emissions. In the Himalayan region, solar heating from black
carbon at high elevations may be just as important as carbon dioxide in
the melting of snowpacks and glaciers. The interception of solar
radiation by atmospheric brown clouds leads to dimming at the Earth's
surface with important implications for the hydrological cycle, and the
deposition of black carbon darkens snow and ice surfaces, which can
contribute to melting, in particular of Arctic sea ice.